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Improving wear and corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel

Time:2020-05-31 17:32:14  From:  Author:

 Stainless steels (SS) exhibit adequate corrosion resistance in many of corrosive mediums, however, their low hardness and high wear rate significantly limit the lifetime of equipment made of this material in industrial applications. Many efforts have been carried out to develop coatings for eliminating or decreasing the destructive effects of wear on SS. In this regard, hard coatings such as TiN, CrN, ZrN and diamond like carbon (DLC) have been widely utilized. Among the aforementioned coatings, TiN and TiN-based coatings due to their very low thickness (does not change the dimensions of equipment), high hardness (~2000 HV), low deposition temperature (reducing the possibility of occurrence of unwanted phase transformations) and fascinating appearance are being broadly used. Nevertheless, low corrosion resistance, as well as high coefficient of friction of TiN coating, makes a driving force for the development of new coatings with improved properties. Hence, some ternary nitride films such as TiSiN, TiAlN and TiCN have been recently synthesized which propose higher corrosion resistance, very high hardness, significant wear resistance and low coefficient of friction (COF). Among these coatings, exceptional structural, electrochemical and mechanical properties of TiSiN coating make it the subject of various studies. This coating is conventionally synthesized through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) routes for instance thermal CVD, atmospheric pressure CVD and plasma-enhanced CVD and/or physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods such as magnetron sputtering, cathodic arc evaporation (CAE) and laser ablation. Nevertheless, PVD methods are preferred for industrial applications due to their lower working temperatures, higher deposition rate and better applicability. Additionally, among PVD methods, CAE technique has some exceptional properties which are attributed to its higher ions’ energy which makes it a favorite route for many industries. For instance, in this method deposited coatings incline to be more compact than coatings synthesized by other methods and consequently they can propose higher electrochemical resistances.

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