In order to limit the deleterious effects of high deposition temperatures, combustion thermal spray methods (HVOF and HVAF) are preferred due to their high velocity gas streams at relatively low deposition temperatures . In the last few years, the hardmetal coating industry has been experiencing an expansion in the demand for coating parts of increasingly more complex shape [4]. Yet, all thermal spray methods are line-of-sight processes and this entails fluctuations in (i) spray angle, (ii) stand-off distance (SoD) and (iii) gun traverse speed when spraying a complex geometry via rotation or translation of the part in front of the thermal spray gun. Variations in the aforementioned kinematic process parameters are highly influential on the state of particle impact on the substrate and thus on the properties of the final coating. As a result of that, several authors have focused on (i) the influence of the spray kinematic parameters on coatings characteristics and (ii) on programming complex off-line robot paths that follow the surfaces of the coated part, aiming at maintaining the spray kinematic parameters fixed .
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